corresp
|
|
|
Ms. Angela Crane
|
|
July 2, 2007 |
Branch Chief
Division of Corporation Finance
Securities and Exchange Commission
Washington, D.C. 20549
USA
|
|
|
Re: |
|
IMAX Corporation (the Company)
Form 10-K for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2005 (the Form 10-K), and
Form 10-Q for the Fiscal Quarter Ended September 30, 2006 (the Form 10-Q)
File No. 000-24216 |
Dear Ms. Crane:
We would like to again express our appreciation for the time and consideration provided by the
staff of the Division of Corporation Finance of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the
Staff) concerning the matters presented in the Companys letter dated June 20, 2007. The input
we received from the Staff in our discussions on June 28, 2007 will be extremely constructive as we
endeavor to complete the filing of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2006 and our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2007.
During our discussions on June 28, 2007, the Staff noted certain areas where it would require
clarification or supplemental information from the Company in order to further its review. As a
result, the Company has compiled the following supplemental information as an addendum to our
letter of June 20, 2007.
1. |
|
Revised Revenue Recognition Policy Exhibit #1 After careful consideration of the
comments from the Staff, we have revised the Companys Revenue Recognition Policy (the
Policy), which is attached and should replace Exhibit #1, of the original submission.
Items of note are as follows: |
|
a) |
|
Film Licenses we have considered the Staffs comments regarding
film licenses and have revised the Policy to reflect the analysis of film licenses
under EITF 00-21, section 4(a) of Paragraph 9. We concur that the SoP 00-2 does
not set out any guidance for determining separate units of accounting when film
licenses are included with other products and services; SoP 00-2 only requires
each film license to be considered separate. Accordingly, when we analyze revenue
arrangements, we will consider whether film licenses included with System
Deliverables and other deliverables are separate units of accounting. Based on |
- 1 -
|
|
|
our analysis of historical transactions, we believe film licenses will be separate
units of accounting. The policy expands on the reasons for that conclusion. Based
on this analysis, we revised the steps included on page A-8 through A-10 in the
policy. |
|
|
|
|
Based on our discussion, we would also like to clarify the reference to film
incentives used in Response #14. These incentives are either provided in the
original arrangement or as an amendment to the original arrangement to provide an
incentive for the customer to continue with the original arrangement or complete
the installation on a timely basis. Generally, these incentives are free film
prints for one or more films in the IMAX library or a specific price reduction on
film license royalty payments. When the incentive is one or more film licenses, we
consider these to be separate deliverables and typically separate units of
accounting. When the arrangement is a reduction in pricing of the films, we would
treat this credit as deferred revenue. When the customer obtains the film, we
would recognize the amount payable by the customer plus the film credit in revenue
in accordance with SoP 00-2. We trust this clarifies the accounting for film
incentives. |
|
|
b) |
|
Projectionist training We have considered the Staffs comments
regarding the |
|
|
|
|
Companys treatment of projectionist training and reviewed our prior revenue
transactions. The Company has changed its perspective such that projectionist
training should no longer be considered inconsequential and perfunctory. We have
revised the Policy to require that projectionist training be completed prior to
revenue recognition. |
|
|
|
|
As a part of the review of transactions, we noted that the Company has received
several Certificates of Acceptance (CoA) that do not include the reference to
training, which is different than the example of a CoA attached as Exhibit #2 to
our June 20, 2007 letter. It is our view that the CoA is primarily designed to
confirm that the customer is satisfied with the installation of the equipment. The
Companys arrangements include specifications for the installation of the
equipment; however, there are no detailed specifications for training included in
the arrangements with the customer. Going forward, the Company will be revising
its arrangements and acceptance procedures to simply refer to installation of the
equipment and run-in testing and will look to a completed training checklist as
evidence that the training service has been completed prior to revenue recognition. |
|
|
|
|
As a result of including the completion of the projectionist training as a
criterion for revenue recognition, 3 theater system installations will move from
the year they were recognized under our previously communicated proposed Policy to
a subsequent year under the attached revised Policy because the training was
provided in a subsequent period. |
|
|
c) |
|
Treatment of Modifications In our discussions on June 28, 2007,
the Staff commented on Section 4 (a) of the Policy, Persuasive evidence of an
arrangement must exist, which indicates that, on occasion, the Company may modify
an arrangement to provide a price reduction or to change the payments |
- 2 -
|
|
|
due dates. A modification of this nature can be agreed to with the customer before
period-end with formal drafting and execution of the legally binding amendment
occurring subsequent to the period-end. |
|
|
|
|
In all instances, such modifications are confirmed by correspondence (i.e. Emails,
letters etc.) between the parties, confirmed by the customer and issued by those
with appropriate authority to bind the Company. Such correspondence is sufficient
to create a legal obligation. |
|
|
|
|
This type of correspondence is used more often to document changes in payment terms
as opposed to changes in pricing. We have reviewed transactions over the period
2002 2006 in order to determine the frequency of these modifications. Changes in
the timing of payments and price reductions were agreed at or near the date of
installation of the respective systems a total of 12 times and 9 times,
respectively, over the period, out of a total of 127 transactions reviewed. In the
9 situations related to price reductions, in all cases except one, the final terms
were ultimately consistent with the terms of the Email/letter correspondence and
were signed by both parties through formal amendments by the end of the subsequent
event periods. Of these 9 instances, 4 involved marketing allowances granted to
the customers as an incentive for the customer to install on a timely basis, 3
instances involved purchase price reductions, 1 instance involved the reduction of
future minimum rent amounts and 1 instance involved compensating the customer for
$35,000 in lost revenues due to closure of the theater in order to install the IMAX
theater system on a timely basis. |
|
|
|
|
In all cases except one, these price reductions occurred prior to the Company
recognizing any revenue. The exception was amended in the subsequent event period
and was recognized in the accounting for revenue recognition of the related
theater. The reductions are often an incentive for the customer to commence
installation on a timely basis. For example, the Company may enter into an
arrangement to sell the customer a system for initial fees of $1.5 million and
ongoing minimum payments of $50,000 for ten years, representing a present value of
roughly $1.8 million. In such a case, if the customer is granted a price reduction
of $100,000 prior to installation, the Company would record revenue of only $1.7
million. |
|
|
|
|
While these instances are not a normal occurrence, the Companys policy recognizes
that these situations may occur from time to time. The Company believes that
persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists in these instances at the time of
revenue recognition. |
|
|
d) |
|
Lease term The Company has clarified in its Policy that, for a
lease, the lease term is deemed, for accounting purposes, to commence when the
equipment is installed and customer acceptance has been received. The Company has
concluded that revenue for a sales-type lease will be recognized using the same
conditions that are required to recognize a sale. |
|
|
e) |
|
Fine tuning As explained in the policy, the Company considers
fine-tuning of the equipment to be perfunctory and inconsequential. Fine tuning
does not require any changes to the specifications of the equipment. Fine tuning
involves calibrating certain functions as optimizing the focus of the lenses and
adjusting |
- 3 -
|
|
|
sound features to meet the final acoustical environment of the theater. |
|
|
The tables in Exhibits 1 and 3 that were included in the June 20, 2007 letter will be
updated once the data is finalized. We will provide these as an addendum to the letter
once we have compiled them. |
|
2. |
|
Supplemental information, Comment #17 The Staff requested supplemental information
about whether any of the settlements included in the Terminations by Default or
Consensual Lease Buyouts categories on Exhibit #4 to our June 20, 2007 letter include
settlements where equipment had already been installed. We provide the following additional
information on the settlements categorized as Termination by Default and Consensual Lease
Buyouts. |
|
|
|
Terminations by Default are situations when a customer does not meet the payment
obligations under an arrangement. In these situations, the Company has the right to
terminate the arrangement through default clauses included in the arrangement. The Company
will terminate arrangements when it is clear the customer is not able to construct an IMAX
theater and the Company wishes to pursue alternative customers in the geographic area.
Under such arrangements, the Company has been able to terminate the agreements and retain
the amounts paid by the customer. |
|
|
|
Consensual Buyouts are situations in which the customer and IMAX have negotiated a
settlement of the arrangement after the customer has concluded that it will no longer be
able to proceed with an IMAX theater. The customers reasons for not proceeding can
include its inability to obtain building permits, requisite financing or other suitable
arrangements to establish an IMAX theater. As the Companys arrangements with customers
generally do not permit a refund of payments made under the contract, a customer in such
instances may seek to negotiate an exit from the arrangements. |
|
|
|
During the years 2003 2006, the Company entered into settlement agreements where
equipment had been previously installed on four occasions. These are the arrangements
listed in Exhibit #4 under Consensual Buyouts as UCI (two systems installed),
Gaumont, JQ Hammons (two systems installed) and Vienna (one system each installed); all of
these transactions were Consensual Lease Buyouts. As requested by the Staff, the Company
has included a summary of the UCI arrangement along with the accounting treatment for this
settlement (Exhibit #6 to the amended response as set forth in this letter). In the UCI
arrangement, the customer had a master arrangement to lease ten systems and had installed
two systems. The customer was in arrears on its payments on one of the installed systems
and was current with its payments on the other installed system, as well as its initial
payments for future systems. The settlement arrangement has been described in Exhibit #6. |
|
|
|
In addition, the Staff requested information regarding our arrangement with JQ Hammons
(Exhibit #7 to the amended response as set forth in this letter). This arrangement was also
listed as a Consensual Lease Buyout. In the Hammons settlement, the customer had leased
multiple systems, one of which was assigned to another third party operator by Hammons, and
one of which was terminated as it had reached the end of its lease term. Hammons and the
Company agreed not to continue with the additional leases and settled the remaining
obligations. The settlement arrangement has been described in Exhibit #7. |
- 4 -
|
|
Exhibit #4 attached to our June 20, 2007 letter also included Shanghai Golden Village as a
Consensual Buyout. The terms of this arrangement also included a MPX Upgrade. The
information for the Shanghai arrangement, including the Consensual Buyout, has been
provided in Exhibit #5 to the June 20, 2007 response letter. |
|
3. |
|
Sale of Projection Equipment As requested by the Staff we have attached an example of a
theater system sale to BFC Media Limited System #2 (Exhibit #8 attached to this letter). In
2003, BFC Media had agreed to acquire a theater system to be installed in Moscow in
September 2005. BFC Media was not able to install the system by this original deadline. In
2006, the Company determined that customer was not able to proceed with the installation on
a timely basis and considered its alternatives. The Company agreed to sell the theater
system to the customer without any further obligation to provide additional services.
Future service obligations became the responsibility of a third party company not related to
IMAX. Upon conclusion of the amended arrangement, the Company paid the service provider a
fee for the services to be performed to the customer. By transferring these future service
obligations to the third party, the Company terminated its obligation to the customer.
Further, the Company transferred title of the equipment. As a result, the Company
recognized revenue on the equipment sale. |
|
4. |
|
Financing Income During the discussion of Comment #16, the Staff asked whether the
Company had continued to record financing income on arrangements with customers who were not
making payments or were under financial distress. The Company has recognized the Staffs
comment and has found certain instances where financing income was recognized in income
after a valuation allowance had been established for the customer. However, the detailed
analysis of the situation has not been completed and the Company is investigating whether
some or the entire amount was also included in the provision for doubtful accounts. The
Company will adjust the accounts and reclassify any amounts, as appropriate as part of the
restatement process. |
**************************************************
Should you require clarification or have any further questions, please contact me at (905)
403-6571. The Company stands ready to assist the Staff in any way possible in connection with the
matters addressed in this letter.
Thank you,
Edward MacNeil
Chief Financial Officer
|
|
|
cc: |
|
Kevin Kuhar, Staff Accountant, Division of Corporation Finance, Securities and Exchange Commission
Jodie Hancock, Senior Accountant, Corporate Finance Branch, Ontario
Securities Commission
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Robert Lister, IMAX Corporation
Members of Audit Committee, IMAX Corporation |
- 5 -
Exhibit 1
IMAX Corporation
Executive Summary of Changes in Accounting Policy on Revenue Recognition:
The Company has decided to change its accounting policy for revenue recognition on theatre
systems as described in the attached policy.
The following presents the key points of the revised accounting policy for the recognition of
revenue on typical theatre system arrangements with its customers with certain comparative
information on the previous policy.
Identification of Deliverables:
Old Policy Deliverables
|
|
Projection system, sound system,
supervision of
installation and trademark rights |
|
|
|
Screen system and the supervision of its
installation |
|
|
|
Glasses cleaning system |
|
|
|
3D glasses |
|
|
|
Initial maintenance services |
|
|
|
Separately priced maintenance and extended warranty
services |
|
|
|
Film licenses |
|
|
|
Training services |
New PolicyDeliverables
|
|
Projection system, sound system, screen system, glasses cleaning machine,
supervision of installation, projectionist training services and
trademark rights |
|
|
|
3D glasses |
|
|
|
Initial maintenance services |
|
|
|
Separately priced maintenance
and extended warranty services |
|
|
|
Film licenses |
Units of Accounting
Based on the application of guidance in EITF 00-21 (including higher level GAAP referred to in
the EITF), the Company concluded
|
|
|
Deliverables = Units of Accounting
|
|
Deliverables = Units of Accounting |
A-1
Exhibit 1
Timing of Revenue Recognition:
In both the revised and previous policy, the criteria related to persuasive evidence of an
arrangement, fixed and determinable fees and collectibility are unchanged. However, the Company has
expanded its guidance on assessing these criteria. The following sets out the key points relating
to these three criteria:
Persuasive evidence of arrangement
|
|
Executed legal documents |
|
|
|
Evidence of modification or amendment before revenue is recognized as follows: |
|
1. |
|
Changes in payment terms on completion of installation requires written
evidence, however not a signed amendment |
|
|
2. |
|
Other modifications require signed amendments |
Fee fixed and determinable
|
|
Arrangements specify fixed initial payments and fixed ongoing payments |
|
|
|
Arrangements include contingent payments which are recognized when reported by customer |
|
|
|
Price concessions and discounts are reductions of consideration |
Collectibility
|
|
Assess collectibility at signing of arrangement and again at point of recognition |
A-2
Exhibit 1
Delivery of product and performance of service must be substantially complete
OLD POLICY
|
|
When installation of unit of
accounting deemed substantially
complete by installer |
|
|
|
When substantive issues raised
by client that IMAX acknowledges have
been resolved |
|
|
|
No requirement for acceptance
certificate prior to revenue
recognition |
|
|
|
Any remaining obligations
deemed inconsequential and perfunctory
(for example): |
|
|
|
Final tuning/calibration |
|
|
|
|
Projectionist training |
|
|
|
|
Install polarizers |
NEW POLICY
|
|
Installation of projector, sound system and
screen system defined as full working condition,
permanent service hook-ups and completion of
installation close out report and checklist. |
|
|
|
Delivery of glasses cleaning machine (GCM) |
|
|
|
Completion of projectionist training |
|
|
|
Company requires receipt of acceptance on
installation of equipment and run-in testing. Where not
received, public opening date is implied acceptance date |
|
|
|
Any remaining obligations deemed inconsequential
and perfunctory (for example): |
|
|
|
Final tuning/calibration |
A-3
Exhibit 1
Why the Change in Policy?
|
|
Identification of deliverables requires significant judgment. |
|
|
|
Under prior accounting, the Company considered the following factors in identifying deliverables: |
|
|
|
Illustrative examples 2 and 8 in EITF 00-21 |
|
|
|
|
Screen did not interact electronically with the other components and is manufactured by a third party supplier |
|
|
|
|
Company has sold individual theatre system components separately |
|
|
Based on review, Company considered the customers perspective and accordingly has
considered the following factors to conclude that the equipment should be considered one
deliverable: |
|
|
|
The projector, sound system, screen and in the case of a 3D system, the
glasses cleaning machine are typically sold together as a standard package |
|
|
|
|
Customers expectation is an image on screen as the ultimate single
deliverable |
|
|
|
|
Places more focus on qualitative characteristics of the business
arrangement with customer and the marketed interdependence of the equipment versus
emphasis on technical aspects of equipment and their interdependence |
|
|
|
|
Each of three main pieces of equipment are needed to project an image on
a screen and create the IMAX Experience within a theatre; the customer is buying
the IMAX Experience |
A-4
Exhibit 1
Financial Impact of the Change in Policy for Combining Equipment into a Single Deliverable and
Requiring Written Receipt of Customer Acceptance (preliminary and unaudited):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Estimated Financial Impact |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(000's) |
|
Reported Year |
|
Shifted to: |
|
|
Theatre Installations |
|
|
Revenues |
|
|
Margin |
|
|
EPS |
|
2003 |
|
|
2004 |
|
|
|
1 |
(1)(2) |
|
$ |
365 |
|
|
$ |
264 |
|
|
$0.01/sh |
2004 |
|
|
2005 |
|
|
|
2 |
(1) |
|
$ |
2,900 |
|
|
$ |
1,563 |
|
|
$0.04/sh |
2005 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
|
7 |
(2) |
|
$ |
13,045 |
|
|
$ |
7,454 |
|
|
$0.18/sh |
|
|
The restatement will also include certain other revenue adjustments that are not as a
result of the policy changes. |
|
|
|
The financial impacts are preliminary as the Company is still finalizing the review of
the individual transactions in the prior four year period. The audit process has not yet
been completed. |
|
|
|
The amounts disclosed above only reflect the impact of movements between years reported
and do not capture any movements within quarters of a given reporting year. |
|
(1) |
|
due to change in acceptance criteria |
|
|
(2) |
|
due to combining equipment into a single deliverable |
A-5
Exhibit 1
IMAX Corporation
Revenue Recognition on Typical Theatre System Arrangements
Introduction
The following document presents the IMAX Corporation (IMAX or the Company) policy as it relates
to the recognition of revenue on typical theatre system arrangements with its customers. The
Company has drawn upon the guidance of EITF 00-21 (Revenue Arrangements with Multiple
Deliverables), SAB 104 (Revenue Recognition), SFAS 13 (Accounting for Leases) and other revenue
recognition guidance where applicable in determining the conclusions as presented herein. This
policy statement has been developed and organized after consideration and assessment of the
following:
|
|
Identification of typical arrangement deliverables |
|
|
Nature of the arrangements |
|
|
Determining the units of accounting |
|
|
Timing of revenue recognition |
The recognition of revenue requires considerable judgment based on the facts and circumstances of
each individual transaction. This policy communicates a list of considerations for the recognition
of revenue related to the Companys typical theatre system arrangements. Each individual theatre
system arrangement must be analyzed against this policy by appropriate personnel within the Finance
department. Where items, elements, clauses, deliverables or circumstances in an arrangement are
not contemplated in this policy, the facts and circumstances should be immediately communicated to
senior finance management (Co-Controllers or Senior Vice President of Finance). Members of senior
finance management will appropriately assess, address and document conclusions reached regarding
revenue recognition under such facts and circumstances.
This policy does not address the specific controls and procedures which the Company will follow in
assessing the arrangements under this policy. This will be separately addressed in the Companys
processes and controls documentation.
1) Identification of Typical Arrangement Deliverables
By way of background, the Company generally provides a combination of elements to its customers in
its sale or lease arrangements. There are several different elements that can be included in a
typical IMAX sale or lease arrangement including, but not limited to:
|
|
Projection system |
|
|
|
Screen system |
|
|
|
Projectionist training |
|
|
|
Separately priced
maintenance and extended
warranty services |
|
|
|
Film licenses |
|
|
|
Trademark rights |
|
|
|
Sound system |
|
|
|
Glasses cleaning system |
|
|
|
Initial maintenance services |
|
|
|
3D glasses |
|
|
|
Supervision of installation |
|
|
|
Theatre design support |
Prior to applying any accounting guidance on recognizing revenue for the transaction, the Company
must first consider what the deliverables are within the arrangements. Upon assessment of the
deliverables, the Company can then assess whether each deliverable constitutes a separate unit of
accounting or whether one or more deliverables must be combined for revenue recognition purposes
under the applicable guidance including EITF 00-21.
The term deliverables is not explicitly defined in accounting literature. EITF 00-21 makes
reference to a vendors deliverables and indicates that these are products, services or the rights
to use assets; EITF 00-21
A-6
assumes that a company has already identified its deliverables prior to the application of EITF
00-21. The determination of a deliverable can be influenced by the terms of the arrangement
between a vendor and its customer and the customers perspective of the deliverables, the
interaction of the separate elements that could make up a single deliverable and other facts and
circumstances unique to a transaction. As a result, the determination of the deliverables in an
arrangement requires significant judgment.
It has been determined that in a typical IMAX arrangement, the deliverables would be as outlined below:
TYPICAL DELIVERABLES
|
|
Projection system, sound system, screen system, glasses cleaning
machine, theatre design support, supervision of installation,
projectionist training and trademark rights (the System Deliverable) |
|
|
|
3D Glasses |
|
|
|
Initial maintenance services |
|
|
|
Separately priced maintenance and extended warranty services |
|
|
|
Film licenses |
The Companys basis for the determination of the above deliverables is as follows:
The System Deliverable reflects the fact that there are three main pieces of equipment that create
utility or the IMAX Experience (i.e., the projector, the sound system and screen system). In
addition, theatre design support, supervision of installation and projectionist training are
provided to ensure the theatre structure, installation and equipment operation meets the Companys
specifications for the IMAX Experience. The IMAX Experience has been well articulated in the
Companys promotional materials and is fundamental to the Companys branding. The Company markets
a standard package to a customer of the projection system, the sound system and the screen and in
the case of a 3D system, the glasses cleaning machine as well. This perspective focuses on
qualitative characteristics of the business relationship between the Company and the customer. The
customer generally cannot select separate pieces of equipment to create a package or system. The
arrangement also provides the customer with the right to use the Companys trademark. The Company
does not consider this to be a separate deliverable as the trademark is inextricably linked with
the projection and sound systems, and it is to be used predominantly in conjunction with the
ultimate usage of the equipment components under the arrangement. The trademark has never been
licensed separately apart from the equipment components on a standalone basis. As a result, the
trademark is included in the System Deliverable. The trademark license typically commences on the
date of execution of the arrangement by both parties.
The 3D glasses are consumable items that are required for the viewing of 3D films. Only a portion
of the Companys film library is offered in 3D, and the customer can choose to acquire the 3D
glasses through any of a number of vendors. The Company offers the 3D glasses to its customers as
an option, which allows a customer the choice of dealing solely with one vendor. The Company does
not require the customer to purchase 3D glasses from the Company. When glasses are included in the
overall arrangement, the overall pricing is adjusted accordingly. Many arrangements require the
customer to order glasses separately based on prices specified in the sale or lease arrangement.
The delivery of the glasses is typically dictated by customer request.
Initial maintenance services and separately priced maintenance and extended warranty services are
provided to maintain the theatre system components. These services may also include training of
technicians for the customer, which will permit the customer to elect a lower priced maintenance
package from the Company. Provision of these services is ongoing and distinct from the manufacture
and
A-7
installation of the theatre system components. The Companys arrangements with its customers
provide for a term of initial maintenance, which typically commences once the manufacture and
installation of the theatre system components is complete. The Company also enters into
arrangements for ongoing maintenance, which are separately priced. The recognition of revenue
related to separately priced maintenance and extended warranty services has its own separate
accounting guidance (FTB-90-1), which is indicative that the services are a separate deliverable.
Film licenses, which represent the right to exhibit a film for a period of time, may be included in
an arrangement to acquire or lease a theatre system. The customer may be provided a film license
at no charge or a discounted price as an incentive in the arrangement. A film print is delivered
and the film license term will generally commence at or after the time the equipment is installed.
When customers acquire a theatre system, the customers are not obligated to license films from IMAX
and there are several third party distributors of films that can distribute films to an IMAX
Theatre. The provision of a film license is distinct from the manufacture and installation of the
theatre system components, the provision of accessories and the provision of maintenance services.
Also, the recognition of revenue related to a film license has its own separate accounting guidance
(SOP 00-2), which is indicative that it is a separate deliverable.
2) |
|
Nature of Arrangements |
The Companys arrangements with customers are prepared in legal form as either sales or lease
arrangements. For accounting purposes, the Company assesses these arrangements under EITF 01-08 to
determine whether the arrangement is a lease for accounting purposes.
Under arrangements structured legally as a sales agreement, there are certain instances when the
customer will not be granted title to the system until the Company has received all payments
specified in the arrangement (which may cover payments for a period of ten years or more). The
Company uses this type of clause to ensure recovery of the equipment in the event the customer
defaults on payment obligations under the arrangement. Where this clause is used and the Company
does not have appropriate lien rights on the equipment as security against payment obligations in
the applicable jurisdiction, the Company has concluded that this clause will not factor into the
delivery criteria assessment for sales and accounts for the arrangements as a sale for accounting
purposes. This conclusion is based on Question 3 to section 3 of SAB 104 issued by the Staff of
the SEC. When the Company has lien rights in the applicable jurisdiction, the FAQ concludes that
revenue cannot be recognized upon shipment or receipt of the equipment. In these instances as the
customer has possession and use of the equipment, the Company evaluates the arrangement in
accordance with the criteria under EITF 01-08 to determine whether the arrangement is a lease or a
services arrangement. The Company expects that the majority of the arrangements with this clause
will be leases that qualify as sales type leases.
For arrangements in which the equipment components are considered to be sales, the Company applies
the policies and guidance noted below.
For arrangements in which the equipment components are considered to be leases, the Company follows
the guidance in SFAS 13 to determine the classification of the lease. Leases classified as
sales-type leases are accounted for using the policies and guidance noted below. Where leases are
classified as operating leases, the payments are recognized on a straight-line basis over the term
of the lease in accordance with SFAS 13.
Finance income related to the net investment in lease (sales-type leases) or financed receivables
(equipment sales) are recognized on an effective interest method over the term of the lease or the
financing receivable.
3) |
|
Determining the Units of Accounting |
Determining the Units of Accounting for arrangements involving the sale of equipment.
A-8
|
|
If the arrangement includes a sale of equipment as opposed to a lease of equipment, the Company
applies the following steps to identify the units of accounting and the amount of consideration to
be allocated: |
|
|
|
Step 1: Under Paragraph 4(a) of EITF 00-21, initial maintenance services and separately priced
maintenance and extended warranty services arrangement (FTB 90-1) is a separate unit of accounting.
The remaining deliverables (System Deliverable, 3D glasses and film licenses) are subject to the
criteria under Paragraph 9 of EITF 00-21. |
|
|
|
Step 2: Upon applying the criteria in Paragraph 9 of EITF 00-21, the Company has concluded that
the System Deliverable, the 3D glasses and each film license each constitute a separate unit of
accounting. |
|
|
|
Each of the criteria under Paragraph 9 has been considered to support this conclusion as follows: |
9(a) Standalone Value
The Company considers itself as included in the term any vendor. If the Company recognizes
the revenue on the 3D glasses before the System Deliverable or visa-versa, the Company
considers that each unit of accounting has standalone value for the following reasons:
(i) 3D glasses are sold separately to customers without the System Deliverable, particularly
as the 3D glasses must be replaced frequently due to wear and tear, and glasses are available from
other vendors;
(ii) The System Deliverable is sold separately without 3D glasses, particularly when the
customer purchases the 3D glasses from another vendor or when a 2D projector is purchased and thus
3D glasses are not required; and
(iii) Films generally are licensed separately to customers to be exhibited at IMAX theatres.
IMAX has an extensive library of films that have been produced and/or that are distributed by the
Company. In addition, other distributors license films that can be exhibited using the IMAX
theatre system. Customers are not obligated to acquire films from IMAX.
9(b)Objective and reliable evidence of fair value of undelivered items
For the future undelivered item, objective and reliable evidence of fair value exists for the
same reasons as noted under criteria 9(a) above. The films included in a theatre system
arrangement generally are films that have been released and have been sold to other customers.
9(c)General right of return for delivered items
The Companys revenue arrangements do not include a general right of return. The customer is
not able to return any delivered or installed item if the Company fails to perform its
remaining obligations.
Step 3: The Company will allocate the consideration in an arrangement as follows:
|
(a) |
|
first, an amount equal to the amounts specified in the arrangement for separately
priced maintenance and extended warranty services (FTB 90-1); and |
|
|
(b) |
|
the remaining amount of consideration on a relative fair value basis to (i) each film
license, (ii) the System Deliverable and (iii) 3D glasses. |
Determining Units of Accounting for arrangements involving the lease of equipment
If the arrangement includes the lease of equipment as opposed to the sale of equipment, the Company
applies the following steps to identify the units of accounting and the amount of consideration to
be allocated:
Step 1: The Company will separate the deliverables between lease components subject to SFAS 13
(equipment and executory costs such as maintenance), separately priced maintenance and extended
A-9
warranty services per FTB 90-1, each film license and the sale of 3D glasses. The separation of
the lease components and separately priced maintenance and extended warranty services are based the
requirements of paragraph 4 of EITF 00-21 and the separation of the film licenses and sale of 3D
Glasses is based on the analysis of paragraph 9 noted above for determining the units of accounting
for arrangements involving the sale of equipment.
Step 2: For the lease components under SFAS 13, the initial maintenance services will be separated
from the System Deliverable as they are considered executory costs which are provided over an
extended period of time (one or more years). The other upfront services (projectionist training
and supervision of installation) will not be separated from the leased property because they are
typically performed at the time or within a short time period of the installation of the leased
property (i.e., the point at which revenue is recognized as outlined below). While under SFAS 13
each piece of equipment could be considered separate leased property and a separate unit of
accounting, the Company has concluded that all of the equipment is to be considered as a single
unit of accounting for the same reasons as outlined in section 1) to this policy. Prior to
installation by the customer of the equipment, the customer has not obtained the ability to
substantively use the theater projector system.
Step 3: The Company will allocate the consideration in the arrangement as follows:
|
(a) |
|
first, an amount equal to the amounts specified in the arrangement for separately
priced maintenance and extended warranty services ( FTB 90-1); and |
|
|
(b) |
|
the remaining amount of consideration on a relative fair value basis to (i) the units
of accounting identified through paragraph 9 of EITF 00-21, as a whole and (ii) the lease
components as whole, including initial maintenance if included in the lease arrangement. |
Step 4: The Company will allocate the amount of consideration assigned to the lease components
under Step 3 (b) (ii) by:
|
(a) |
|
first assigning a value to initial maintenance services (as defined in Step 2). The
value of the initial maintenance services will be based on the average renewal rates which
approximates the Companys cost plus a reasonable profit thereon; and |
|
|
(b) |
|
the residual of the consideration to the leased property. |
Step 5: The Company will allocate the amount of consideration allocated in Step 3(b)(i) to each
film license and the 3D glasses on a relative fair value basis.
Based on the above analysis, the Company concluded on the following units of accounting under a
typical sales or lease arrangement.
TYPICAL UNITS OF ACCOUNTING
|
|
the System Deliverable |
|
|
|
3D Glasses |
|
|
|
Initial maintenance services |
|
|
|
Separately priced maintenance and extended warranty services |
|
|
|
Film licenses |
4) |
|
Timing of Revenue Recognition |
This section will cover all the units of accounting noted above, except for film licenses for which
the Company applies SOP 00-2. For the purpose of this analysis the Company has considered the
following criteria to be applicable to all the units of accounting:
A-10
|
a) |
|
Persuasive evidence of an arrangement must exist; |
|
|
b) |
|
The fee must be fixed and determinable; and |
|
|
c) |
|
Collectibility must be reasonably assured. |
With regard to the delivery of products and performance of services, the Company has evaluated this
requirement based upon the nature of each unit of accounting.
a) Persuasive evidence of an arrangement must exist
The Companys customary business practice for documenting a transaction is by way of either a
legally binding term sheet with no contemplated further legal document, a contract and/or a master
arrangement or other appropriate legal documentation. The appropriate legal document must be
executed by both parties before the point of revenue recognition for each unit of accounting.
It is the Companys customary business practice that any modifications to the terms and conditions
within the original legal arrangement be documented through a legally binding amendment to the
original arrangement. On occasion, the Company may modify the arrangement to provide a price
reduction or to change the payments due dates. A modification of this nature can be agreed to
with the customer before period-end with formal drafting and execution of the legally binding
amendment occurring subsequent to the period-end. An agreement with the customer on a modification
of this nature should be evidenced through either an e-mail or a letter or other written
correspondence indicating the agreement in principle of the terms. The Company would not consider
these instances to be indicative of the absence of persuasive evidence of an arrangement. All
other modifications to the terms and conditions of the original legal arrangement must be executed
by both parties prior to the point of revenue recognition for the related unit of accounting.
b) The fee must be fixed and determinable
Revenue cannot be recognized until the amounts to be recognized are fixed and determinable. The
consideration in the Companys arrangements typically consist of upfront or initial payments made
before and after the final installation of the System Deliverable and ongoing payments throughout
the term of the lease or over a period of time as specified in the sales agreements. The ongoing
payments are calculated, usually on an annual basis, as the greater of a fixed percentage of the
customers theatre box-office receipts and a fixed minimum amount. The amounts over the fixed
minimum amounts are considered contingent payments. Contingent payments are excluded from amounts
determined to be fixed and determinable for purposes of revenue recognition and are recorded as
reported by the customer. The contingent payments are considered to be associated with the System
Deliverable.
On occasion, the Company may enter into multiple system arrangements which include price
concessions or discounts as follows:
(a) In arrangements where the price per system varies based on the number of systems that
are installed by the customer, the potential discount is averaged over the number of
systems expected or contracted to be installed by the customer.
(b) The Company may enter into arrangements for additional systems of the same type with an
existing customer. In these arrangements, the Company may offer volume purchase
concessions or discounts on the additional systems ordered. The Company will average the
discount over the total number of systems ordered by the customer but not yet installed.
(c) The Company may enter into arrangement with an existing customer for additional systems
that are different that previously ordered by the customer. The Company will ratably
allocate the discount based on the relative fair values of the systems ordered but not yet
installed.
c) Collectibility
The Business Affairs department is responsible for the assessment of collectibility at the time of
signing of the contract. Generally, for new customers, a review is performed, which could include
evaluating credit
A-11
reports, financial statements and the performance of a background investigation. An existing
customers payment history is considered for any new arrangements with that customer.
For arrangements that contain a lease, the Company assesses the collectibility of the lease at its
inception. Where collectibility is not reasonably predictable, the Company will record the lease at
the point of revenue recognition thereon as an operating lease.
The Company reassesses its determination that collectibility is reasonably assured before it
recognizes revenue. The assessment of collectibility in such cases is fact specific and should be
evaluated for each individual transaction, with indicative factors such as whether the customer is
past due or current, communications with the customer and other financial factors.
Collectibility issues that arise post-revenue recognition from conditions that did not exist at the
time of recognition do not impact the recognition of revenue, with the exception of events that
occur in the subsequent event period of the recognition quarter. The Company will assess any
events occurring in the subsequent event period for indications that are contrary to the Companys
initial assessment of collectibility.
d) Delivery of product and performance of service must be substantially complete
System Deliverable Unit of Accounting:
|
|
For the System Deliverable (which includes equipment subject to a sale or sales-type lease), the
Company uses the criteria outlined in SAB 104 to determine when the point of delivery and
performance of services has occurred. SFAS 13 does not define the point at which this is to occur
for a lease arrangement. |
|
|
|
Revenue for the System Deliverable (whether subject to sale or sales-type lease), can only be
recognized when all of the following conditions, as further explained in detail below, have been
met: |
|
|
|
The equipment has been delivered and/or installed; |
|
|
|
|
Projectionist training has been be completed; |
|
|
|
|
Earlier of receipt of customer acceptance on the installation and run-in testing of the
equipment or public opening of the theatre. |
Installation
Revenue will be recognized on the System Deliverable unit of accounting when the projector, sound
system and screen components have been installed and the glasses cleaning machine has been
delivered. The Company records revenue upon installation as the contract requires the Company to
incorporate all necessary technical improvements developed by the Company to the date of
installation. For arrangements classified as sales for accounting purposes (as described in
section 2 of this document), revenue is not recognized until title passes except when the only
rights the Company retains with respect to title are those described in Question 3 to section 3 of
SAB 104 (i.e.: to enable recovery of the equipment in the event of default on payment and the
Company does not have any lien rights against the equipment).
For purposes of lease accounting, revenue recognition would generally commence at the beginning of
the lease term. The Company has deemed, for accounting purposes, that the beginning of the lease
term is the date of final installation and acceptance of all the equipment. Prior to this point,
the Company continues to be obligated to incorporate all necessary technical improvements to the
projector and sound system developed by the Company.
To this end, installation of the equipment is defined as full working condition such that all
hookups of services to the equipment are permanent, and meet the Companys standards for
installation as more clearly defined within the Companys Theatre System Installation Close-Out
Report and Installation Checklist.
A-12
Installation will also require that the equipment already thoroughly tested individually and as a
system at the Companys facility, be put through a complete function start-up and test procedure to
ensure proper operation upon connection to the theatres services. This will include checking
adjustments of critical components, performing any installation specific work and a full review of
the installation work performed by the customers hired installers. All components are to be
tested individually and as a system.
This does not preclude the existence of warranty items that are corrected on a subsequent visit.
As an example, warped platters are warranty items, unless there are insufficient non-warped
platters to run the scheduled film at the time of recognition. Screen issues such as striping are
generally warranty issues, unless the screen is in an unusable condition as determined by the
Companys on-site installation supervisor. These warranty items, however, should not preclude the
initial operation of the equipment by the customer at the customers discretion. Where outstanding
items of this nature preclude the customer from initial use or enjoyment of the equipment in the
manner in which it was intended, and in compliance with the stated contractual specifications of
the equipment, the installation will not be viewed as complete.
As evidence of completion of installation of the equipment, the on-site installation supervisors
shall complete an IMAX Theatre System Installation Close-Out Report and Installation Checklist.
This report outlines the substantial completion of the installation of the equipment and that the
equipment meets the specifications identified in the arrangement and defined by the Company. The
report is to be approved by the individuals supervisor or department head. Any and all
deficiencies in the installation are to be noted in the report along with an indication of the
significance of the outstanding item or deficiency from a technical perspective. Such report is to
be evaluated by Finance department personnel to assess completeness of the installation in
conjunction with the above guidelines, whether deficiencies or outstanding items are
inconsequential or perfunctory and the amount of necessary warranty accruals.
Projectionist training is to be completed as evidenced by appropriate documentation such as a
training checklist. However, if projectionist training is not completed prior to public opening of
a theatre, the Company will conclude that the customer has demonstrated the ability to operate the
equipment. Where the customer has demonstrated the ability to operate the equipment, the Company
believes that the customer is substantially satisfied. Accordingly, if the training is not
completed by public opening of the theatre and the other conditions for revenue recognition have
been met, the Company will recognize revenue on the System Deliverable and accrue any costs
associated with training yet to be completed.
It should be noted that completion of installation will not require the following items to be
completed:
|
|
|
Installation of glasses cleaning machine at the customers theatre as it is a
relatively simple process requiring connection to the plumbing and electrical systems only
and could be completed by many third-party suppliers. The Company is not responsible for
the installation or supervision of installation of this piece of equipment. |
|
|
|
|
Final sound tuning of the theatre and final fine calibration of the projection system.
These services are typically performed very close to the opening date of the theatre and
only when all theatre interior fit and finishes, which are the customers responsibility,
are complete. The Company views these items as inconsequential and perfunctory since they
are not essential to the functionality of the equipment, are performed within a short
period of time of installation, are within the Companys control, not material from a cost
perspective and fair value perspective and do not preclude the use of the projection
system by the customer since the system has been tested no less than twice upon the
installation of the projection system at the customers facility. The Company accrues any
costs associated with fine tuning when revenue is recognized. |
Acceptance
The Companys contracts typically do not explicitly require an acceptance of the customer as
acceptance can occur based on contractually defined dates within an arrangement and do not
therefore require mutual consent. However, the Companys policy is that signed customer acceptance
of the equipment installation and run-in testing is required. Such acceptance will be sought and
received as evidence of final installation and fulfillment of the material obligations under the
arrangement. It is understood that the date a
A-13
representative of the Company receives the customer acceptance form from the customer will be the
date of acceptance for purposes of determining the date that the Company has substantially
completed its obligations related to the System Deliverable. When an acceptance certificate is not
received by the Company due to delays initiated by the customer, the Company will use the public
opening date of the theatre as the date of implicit acceptance by the customer.
Other Units of Accounting:
The 3D glasses are recognized upon delivery. The arrangements shipping terms govern the point at
which delivery has occurred (i.e., FOB IMAX shipping docks, FOB destination, CIF nearest ocean
port).
Initial maintenance services are recognized ratably over the period of designated free maintenance.
Separately priced maintenance and extended warranty services are recognized ratably over the period
of the arrangement in accordance with FTB 90-1.
A-14
|
|
|
IMAX Corporation
|
|
EXHIBIT 6 |
[Omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and submitted separately with the
Commission]
A-15
|
|
|
IMAX Corporation
|
|
EXHIBIT 7 |
[Omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and submitted separately with the
Commission]
A-16
|
|
|
IMAX Corporation
|
|
EXHIBIT 8 |
[Omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and submitted separately with the
Commission]
A-17